![]() If you enjoyed the content in this post, don’t forget to join the EZmed community for free on the bottom of the page or in the navigation bar so you don’t miss out on future medical topics made easy. Use the following to help you remember the general coverage:ġst Generation: Good Gram-Positive Poor Gram-NegativeĢnd Generation: OK Gram-Positive OK Gram-Negativeģrd Generation: Poor Gram-Positive Good Gram-NegativeĤth Generation: Pseudomonas + Good gram-positive and negativeĥth Generation: MRSA + Good gram-positive and negativeīefore You Go, Make Your Learning Experience Even Easier! Hopefully the arrow trick gave you an easy way to remember cephalosporin coverage for the different generations. Some bacteria are resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics as they produce beta-lactamase, an enzyme that destroys the antibiotic beta-lactam structure.įourth generation cephalosporins can cover against beta-lactamase gram-negative organisms better than third generation medications can. Similar to ceftriaxone (third generation), cefepime can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and into cerebrospinal fluid. These are broad-spectrum antibiotics, covering both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, typically used in sepsis and serious infections. That is why the second arrow is labeled “pseudomonas” to help you remember fourth generation drugs have coverage against this.Įxamples of fourth generation cephalosporins include cefepime and cefpirome. ![]() The main difference, however, is fourth generation cephalosporins generally cover pseudomonas as well. ![]() Other common uses for fist generation medications include urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, otitis media, orthopedic injuries, and surgical prophylaxis.įourth generation cephalosporins have a similar gram-positive and gram-negative profile as third generation cephalosporins. coli), Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Įxamples of first generation cephalosporins include cephalexin, cefazolin, cephalothin, cephapirin, cefadroxil, and cephradine. They have less coverage against gram-negative bacteria, but do cover Escherichia coli (E. Then as you progress down the arrow, the gram-positive coverage weakens but gram-negative coverage improves significantly.įirst generation cephalosporins have coverage against most gram-positive cocci including staphylococcus and streptococcus species.įor this reason, they are commonly used for uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections presumed to be caused by staphylococcal (methicillin-sensitive) and streptococcal species. This is to help you remember that generally speaking the first generation cephalosporins have strong gram-positive coverage and minimal gram-negative coverage. The arrow starts off with gram-positive and ends with gram-negative. ![]()
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